Jean-Baptiste Pater emerged as a prominent French Rococo painter, celebrated for his lively and elegant scenes. Born in Valenciennes in northern France, he shared his birthplace with Antoine Watteau, an influential figure of the era. Pater devoted himself to the Rococo style—a movement famed for its intricate decoration, lightness of touch, and its emphasis on scenes of leisure and celebration. His paintings frequently captured the exuberant and ornamental spirit characteristic of Rococo art.

The son of sculptor Antoine Pater, he began his artistic journey under his father's tutelage. To further his development, he later became a pupil of the painter Jean-Baptiste Guide. Nevertheless, his short time in Paris under the mentorship of Antoine Watteau in 1713 proved to be the most pivotal for his artistic growth. Despite the eventual falling out that led Pater to return to Valenciennes, this meeting would have a significant impact on his future career.

It was not until 1721, two years after his return, that Pater and the now-ill Watteau were reconciled. Pater then continued his apprenticeship with Watteau, though only for a month before Watteau's death. In retrospect, Pater claimed that it was during this final period that he acquired all of his artistic knowledge from Watteau. This profound influence can be seen in Pater’s paintings, particularly in his approach to color, composition, and his portrayal of fêtes galantes—scenes of elegant outdoor gatherings.

Recognition of Pater’s talent came in 1728, when he was admitted into the prestigious Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture. For his acceptance, he submitted "La Rejouissance des Soldats" (The Soldiers’ Merrymaking), now part of the Louvre’s collection. Executed in the sophisticated manner made famous by Watteau, this large military scene solidified Pater’s standing among the foremost artists of his era and helped to maintain the popularity of Rococo art during the eighteenth century in France.